Library>Culture ABC>Sports>Athletes

Li Ning

Li Ning, the Prince of Gymnastics, is by far one of the best gymnasts in the world. He collected 3 golds, 1 silver and 1 bronze in Olympics, 2 golds, 5 silvers and 4 bronzes in the World Championships and 9 golds, 2 bronzes in World Cup.

Li was born in the city of Liuzhou in Southwest China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on September 8, 1963. He began to practice gymnastics at the age of 8.

Ten years later, Li shocked the world by sweeping the floor exercise, pommel horse and the rings titles in the World University Games.

The following year, Li reached the peak of his gymnastic career, collecting 6 of the all 7b golds in the World Cup held in Yugoslavia, a wonder in the world gymnastic history.

In 1983, he led his teammates to beat the USSR that had dominated the world gymnastics for many years to claim the men’s team title in the 22ndWorld Gymnastics Championships.

One year later, Li Ning grasped three gold medals, in floor exercise, pommel horse and the rings in the 23rdOlympic Games. In the 1986 Asian Games, he collected 4 gold medals and two silvers for the Chinese delegation.

Li was expected to win more Olympic medals at the 1988 Games. Unfortunately, he injured his ankle during the team competition and retired after the event. After retirement, Li decided to focus his energies on business and joined the Jianlibao Group in Guangdong Province.

In 1990, he set up the Beijing Lining Sports Goods Co., Ltd. and began to show his business talent. After several years’ of development, the company has become one of the largest sports goods companies in China.

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Library>Culture ABC>Folk Way>Ethnic Festival

Yao

Apart from the Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, they have their own traditional festivals, such as the Pan King Festival, Spring Worship Festival, Danu Festival, Singing Festival and Paga Festival.

As there are many people on the festival day, wooden pot instead of iron pot will be used to cook dishes. The rice cooked in such wooden pots smells even better. On the festival, the Yaos will make sticky rice cakes. The main menu of the festival includes chook, duck, fish, pork, bean curd,
vermicelli and other vegetables.

In some areas, the Yaos will cook black rice on April 8. Girls of Yao in Jiangshui County of Hunan Province will take eggs, make sticky rice cakes and eat candy while they celebrate the Picnic Festival on April 8 of each lunar calendar year. While the girls are eating the eggs, candy and sticky
rice cakes, and the young men are not allowed to peek; otherwise, they will be punished.

The Singing Party is the large entertainment of the Yaos to worship their ancestors and celebrate the bumper harvest. It mostly takes place after October 16 of the lunar calendar. It lasts 3 to 9 days. On the occasion, every family will prepare rice wine and sticky rice cakes to feast their
guests. The Yaos worship their god. The offerings are commonly made of pig, chicken, duck, eggs and fish. The offering taboos include dogs, snakes, cats and frogs.

In case of the bereavement, the Yaos will slaughter cattle to worship. The number of cattle to be killed varies according to the wealth of the family. Some kill as many as 7 or 8 cattle. A feast is also to be arranged. In some areas, the pork and bean curds are served as the main dishes.

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Library>China ABC>Sci-Tech>Modern elites

Famous Architect — Wu Liangyong

Wu Liangyong is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering, and a professor of the Department of Architecture of Tsinghua University. He was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, on May 7, 1922. He graduated in 1944 as a Bachelor of Architecture in the
Department of Architecture, National Central University, Chongqing.

He worked with Professor Liang Sicheng in founding the Department of Architecture of Tsinghua University since 1946, and engaged in teaching, researching and practicing in the fields of architecture, urban planning and designing. He took the posts of Deputy Director and Director of the Department
of Architecture, as well as President of the Urban Planning Society of China, Vice President of the Architectural Society of China, and Vice President of the China Society of Urban Studies.

A team led by him carried out a study of Olympic construction in Beijing and was granted with the First Award for Scientific and Technological Progress by the State Education Commission. Since 1987, a research project of Beijing Ju’er Hutong New Courtyard House was charged by him and has won a few
of awards in the national level, a gold medal by Asian Architects of Regional Council Award for Architecture and UN World Habitat Award. His book entitledA General Theory of Architecturewon the first prize for Scientific and Technological Research Progress, State Education Commission. He was
promoted as National Advanced Worker, won Heliang Heli Prize in 1995, and received UIA Architectural Education Prize in 1996.

Prof. Wu Liangyong enjoyed high reputation in the world science circles. He was Vice President of the International Union of Architects, President of the World Society for Science of Human Settlements.

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Library>China ABC>Religion>Christian Missionaries

Wen Huilian

Wen Huilian (1811-1864), whose original name was William Jones Boone, was one of the earliest American missionaries to China, and the founder and first bishop of the Anglican-Episcopal Church China branch.

He majored in law in an American university in his early years and was baptized in 1833. The Anglican-Episcopal Church was founded in 1835 and planned to set up a branch in China. Wen Huilian applied to go to China and his application was approved. In 1836 he got the priest qualification and one
year later he came to Southeast Asia to begin his missionary work. He was appointed as the bishop of the Anglican-Episcopal Church China branch. In 1846 he founded a school in Shanghai. Later he attended a meeting on translation ofthe Bibleand he collaborated with other missionaries to
translatethe Old Testament. He died in Shanghai in 1864. Many of his works were written in Shanghai dialect and the most influential one wasCongregation Pray.

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Library>China ABC>Religion>Buddhism in China

I-Hsing

I-Hsing (683-727), born at Nanle County of Henan Province, was a great astronomer and Buddhist monk of the Tang Dynasty (618-907).

I-Hsing showed his intelligence from his childhood for his ability to remember whatever he saw. In his twenties, I-Hsing had read extensively and was well known for his mastery of the knowledge in the field of astronomy and mathematics. At that time, Empress Wu Zetian was an autocrat. She
suspected righteous officials but wanted to recruit I-Hsing for some reason. Since he would not like to conform to Wu Zetian’s reign, I-Hsing became a monk and was named I-Hsing when he was 24 or 25 years old. He studied Buddhist canons, astronomy and mathematics from then on so that his mastery
on such knowledge was greatly improved.

After Empress Wu Zetian’s abdication in 705, emperors of Tang wanted to recruit I-Hsing for many times while he refused. I-Hsing did not return to Chang’an (today’s Xi’an City) until Li Longji’s (Tang Emperor Xuanzong) invitation in 717.

I-Hsing received Tang Xuanzong’s respect and trust so that he made progress in the fields of astronomic instrument manufacture, astrospace observations and geodesy. In 721, Emperor Xuanzong gave I-Hsing the job of revising the faulty calendar. I-Hsing studied former calendars and set up
theDayanCalendar on the basis of his accurate data on the movements of celestial bodies, which was his most important achievement. Textual researches showed that theDayanCalendar was much more accurate and well organized than any other calendars at that time.DayanCalendar was introduced toJapanin
733 and remained in use for almost one century. I-Hsing also built a new instrument, the Ecliptic Armilla, to observe the movements of the sun, the moon and five known planets. Furthermore, I-Hsing calculated the length of meridian degree for the first time in the world.

At the same time, I-Hsing translated many Indian Buddhist sutras. Combining Buddhism with the reality inIndia, he initiated Mahayana Buddhism different from Theravada Buddhism and became the head of Tantric Buddhism.

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Library>China ABC>History>Classical Books

Essential Techniques for the Peasantry

Qimin Yaoshu(Essential Techniques for the Peasantry) is an important agronomic book including 10 volumes written by Jia Sixie in the Northern and Southern Dynasties (420-581). Referring to about 200 kinds of ancient books,Qimin Yaoshuoffers valuable reference materials.

It was recorded that the methods to bed and foster corn, melon and fruit, vegetable and tree, the methods to raise livestock, poultry and fish, the methods to make alcohol, soy sauce, vinegar, skilly, cake, meal, maltose and sugar, the methods to boil mucus, and the methods to make brush pen and
sumi. In the final part it listed many kinds of vegetable, melon and fruit that would not grow in northern China. The book summed up production experience of agriculture and stockbreeding before the sixth century in areas from the Yellow River to the Huaihe River. It also suggested that
agriculture should take every production factor into overall consideration and pay special attention to every step in the production process.Qimin Yaoshuprovides important historical materials for the research on the production and the society of the Northern Dynasty (386-581).

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Library>Culture ABC>Sports>Traditional

Weightlifting

A great variety of contests of strength have been recorded in Chinese history books. As early as the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods (770 -221 BC), two forms of contest called “qiao guan” and “kang ding” had taken shape.

“Qiao guan” was a kind of weightlifting in which “guan,” a heavy door bar, was lifted by a man grasping it by one end with a single hand. “Qiao guan” remained in vogue up till the Tang Dynasty (618 -907), but it was then no longer a contest of strength among imperial court warriors. Instead, it
became a subject of cadet examinations, and door bars were replaced by weights that were made according to prescribed specifications.

In “kang ding,” a meat-cooking vessel, or “ding,” was lifted by holding its two loop handles. “Kang ding” was most widely practised in the State of Qin, where a famous muscle man named Wuhuo reportedly lifted a vessel weighing 500 kilograms. Professional “kang ding” activities began to appear in
the Han Dynasty (206 BC -AD 220), along with other forms of weightlifting such as pulling up a tree and lifting a deer.

Stone objects weighing 100, 125 and 150 kilograms came into use in the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644 -1911) dynasties. As stone objects were easy to make and popularize, weightlifting using stone locks and stone bars became a traditional sport among the populace.

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Library>Culture ABC>Sports

Beijing 2008 Olympic Torch Relay

The Fuel for the Torch

Under the concept of a Green Olympics, environmental protection was a key element listed in the invitation documents to the design companies, by BOCOG. The fuel of the torch is propane, which is a common fuel with a low price. It is composed of carbon and hydrogen. No material, except carbon
dioxide and water remain after the burning, eliminating any risk of pollution.

The Burning System

Its stable burning technique and adaptability to the environment have reached a new technical level. It can stay alight in severe weather conditions such as strong wind, rain, snow, hail, etc. The flame can also be identified in sunshine and areas of extreme brightness so as to satisfy the
requirements of capturing photographic images and video footage.

The Design Timelines

2005 August

BOCOG developed the design concepts and requirements of the torch.

2005 December

BOCOG recruited potential torch designs from the design society. In total, BOCOG received 388 pieces of works.

2006 June-August

BOCOG selected the structural designer and the burning system designer.

2007 January

Beijing Olympic Torch was approved by IOC

1 2 3

1 2 3

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findroommate -

A nice room is available since the end of April in a 3 bedroom apartment in Wudaokou, on
Zhongguancun Bei Er Jie. Great situation between Beijing University, Tsinghua University and BLCU.
Very convenient place near Wudaokou subway station, supermarkets, restaurants, post office…

Furnished, air-conditioner, heater, electricity, internet access, TV, dvd player, 24h hot water,
shower, laundry machine, fridge, gas, microwave.

1900 yuan/month (except internet – electricity – gas fees which are shared).

Feel free to contact me to get more details: appartbeijing@gmail.com or 159 11 06 27 27

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victoria.m -

Could anyone give me an indication of how much they budgeted/week (or month) while in Beijing or
what they’re thinking of using?? Thx

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XueXueXue IQChinese Get beyond the plateau.Take your Mandarin to a new level.
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Akima916 -

I read in “Living abroad in China” byStuart & Barbara Strother:
“The cost for one year undergraduate study at Beidais a minimum of $6,000. Tuition is about
$3,000. If you live on campus, your dorm room (If you can get one) will rent for about $1,200.
You’ll shell out another $1,200 for the cafeteria meals (if you cansurvive for a year eating
Chinese school lunches). Realistically, you’l need a few thousand more for traveling and for the
psychological benefits of having a Western meal once in a while, not to mention all the karaokes
and discos your classmates will drag you too.”

“In deciding on how much money you need to live we suggest no less than 3,000 元 a month (around
$350) for a single person, which will get you a bare bones existance if you don’t have to pay for
housing.”

Hope this helped!

shanghaikai -

Without housing, I’d also recommend 3000 RMB/month for a fairly minimal but passable existence
according to most Westerners. If you live on campus and eat all your meals at the campus cafeteria
(anything from ~3-10 RMB/meal) or local street eateries, you can definitely survive on 1000
RMB/month (again, not including housing costs). That’s how the locals do it, assuming they’re
lucky enough to have 1000 RMB/month in the first place.

6000 RMB/month should be decently comfortable unless you really like shopping (and not in the
fake/cheap markets). This should allow you some reasonable travel (as long as you’re not staying
in anything super fancy, are willing to take trains, and etc.), plenty of nightlife (even less if
you’re a girl and can get other people to buy you drinks), good meals every so often, decent
balance between metros and taxis, etc.

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